Journal: Antibiotics

Article Title: Inhibition of Biofilm Formation by Respiratory Bacterial Pathogens via Silver Nanoparticles and Functionalized HEPA Filters

doi: 10.3390/antibiotics15040370

Figure Lengend Snippet: CLSM images of biofilm inhibition of S. pneumoniae strain R6 with 0.1 M Ag 2 ONs suspension. The biofilm cells were stained with the Bac Light LIVE/DEAD viability kit, with viable cells appearing green (Syto9) and non-viable cells appearing red (IP). ( A ) X–Y projections (images captured at 0.5 μm intervals) and X–Z projections (images captured at 5.0 μm intervals) of strain R6 in C + Y medium (control). ( B ) X–Y projections (images captured at 0.5 μm intervals) and X–Z projections (images captured at 5.0 μm intervals) of strain R6 with 0.1 M AgNP suspension. The bars indicate 25 μm.

Article Snippet: Streptococcus pneumoniae , ATCC49619 , Sputum; serotype 19F; ATCC.

Techniques: Inhibition, Suspension, Staining, Control

Journal: Antibiotics

Article Title: Inhibition of Biofilm Formation by Respiratory Bacterial Pathogens via Silver Nanoparticles and Functionalized HEPA Filters

doi: 10.3390/antibiotics15040370

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibition of S. pneumoniae strain YNM4 ( left ) and P. aeruginosa strain ATCC27853 ( right ) biofilm with Ag 2 ONPs-functionalized HEPA filters. C + Y or LB bacterial culture medium was previously incubated at 37 °C under agitation for 24 h with each of the functionalized filters. The strain was inoculated in each of these media, incubated for 5 h at 34 °C or 24 h at 37 °C. The black bars indicate total growth (adherent (biofilm) plus non-adherent (planktonic) cells). The biofilm was processed by staining with crystal violet for 15 min, washed 3 times with distilled water, solubilized with ethanol and then measured for absorbance at 595 or 600 nm. Medium with filter functionalized with 0.2 M silver (Filter Ag 0.2 M; Dark Pink), 0.1 M silver (Filter Ag 0.1 M; Light Pink), unfunctionalized filter (Filter Control; Grey) and medium without filter (Control; White). Assays were performed in triplicates, including at least three independent experiments. Standard deviation bars are shown, and asterisks mark results that are statistically significant (two-tailed Student’s t test: ***, p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: Streptococcus pneumoniae , ATCC49619 , Sputum; serotype 19F; ATCC.

Techniques: Inhibition, Incubation, Staining, Control, Standard Deviation, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine

Article Title: Targeting the Dynamic Susceptibility Window: Time‐Sensitive Photodynamic Synergy With Antibiotics Against Streptococcus spp

doi: 10.1002/lsm.70116

Figure Lengend Snippet: Dose‐dependent bactericidal effect of curcumin‐mediated (PDI) against S. pneumoniae (A) and S. pyogenes (B). Bacterial viability is expressed as log₁₀ CFU/mL following exposure to increasing concentrations of curcumin (0.25–5.0 µM) under a fixed light dose (6.4 J/cm 2 ). Different letters above the bars indicate statistically significant differences among groups; the same letter indicates they are equal (one‐way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test, p < 0.05). Bars represent the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments.

Article Snippet: Strains of S. pneumoniae (American Type Culture Collection—ATCC 49619 and ATCC 700904) and a clinical isolate of S. pyogenes obtained from a patient with pharyngotonsillitis were selected for the study.

Techniques: Standard Deviation

Journal: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine

Article Title: Targeting the Dynamic Susceptibility Window: Time‐Sensitive Photodynamic Synergy With Antibiotics Against Streptococcus spp

doi: 10.1002/lsm.70116

Figure Lengend Snippet: Time‐kill curves of S. pneumoniae (A) and S. pyogenes (B) following exposure to the antimicrobials: amoxicillin (AMO—0.25 and 16,384 μg/mL), erythromycin (ERY—0.25 μg/mL), and ceftriaxone (CEF—0.25 and 4 μg/mL), with the respective concentrations applied for each bacterial species.

Article Snippet: Strains of S. pneumoniae (American Type Culture Collection—ATCC 49619 and ATCC 700904) and a clinical isolate of S. pyogenes obtained from a patient with pharyngotonsillitis were selected for the study.

Techniques:

Journal: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine

Article Title: Targeting the Dynamic Susceptibility Window: Time‐Sensitive Photodynamic Synergy With Antibiotics Against Streptococcus spp

doi: 10.1002/lsm.70116

Figure Lengend Snippet: Survival of S. pneumoniae (log CFU/mL) over time (h) following treatment. Panels A and D show the effects of amoxicillin (AMO), B and E ceftriaxone (CEF), and C and F erythromycin (ERY). Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) with curcumin (CUR) was applied at 2.5 μM (panels A–C) and 0.5 μM (panels D–F) as a subsequent treatment.

Article Snippet: Strains of S. pneumoniae (American Type Culture Collection—ATCC 49619 and ATCC 700904) and a clinical isolate of S. pyogenes obtained from a patient with pharyngotonsillitis were selected for the study.

Techniques:

Journal: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine

Article Title: Targeting the Dynamic Susceptibility Window: Time‐Sensitive Photodynamic Synergy With Antibiotics Against Streptococcus spp

doi: 10.1002/lsm.70116

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of consecutive photodynamic inactivation (PDI) cycles on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of amoxicillin (AMO) using two different light doses. Panels show MIC values for S. pneumoniae ATCC 700904 after PDI with light doses of 6.4 J/cm 2 (A) and 12.8 J/cm 2 (B), and for S. pyogenes after PDI with light doses of 6.4 J/cm 2 (C) and 12.8 J/cm 2 (D). Breakpoint values established by BRCAST are included to highlight interpretive thresholds for bacterial resistance.

Article Snippet: Strains of S. pneumoniae (American Type Culture Collection—ATCC 49619 and ATCC 700904) and a clinical isolate of S. pyogenes obtained from a patient with pharyngotonsillitis were selected for the study.

Techniques: Concentration Assay